Facebook Inc has opened up its Messenger app to developers to create "chatbots (chat robots)," hoping that by simulating one-on-one conversations between users and companies it will expand its reach in customer service and enterprise transactions.

Chatbots are automated programs that help users communicate with businesses and carry out tasks such as online purchases.

While chatbots have existed in some form for years, they have recently become a hot topic in the tech business as advances in artificial intelligence and machine learning make them far more capable and potentially able to assume a key role in the way customers communicate with businesses. Facebook launched chatbots on Tuesday with a handful of partners, including Shopify, an ecommerce site, and cable TV news network CNN.

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The chatbots are part of Facebook's effort to build out its Messenger instant messaging app as the go-to place for customers to contact businesses - a strategy that threatens traditional call centres and may cut personnel costs for some businesses.

"You'll never have to call 1-800-Flowers again," Facebook chief executive Mark Zuckerberg said during the company's annual developer conference in San Francisco.

Though messaging platforms including Kik, Slack and Telegram already have chatbots, Facebook is seen having several distinct advantages.

For one, Facebook commands a vast trove of data on the estimated 1.6 billion people who use the main service and the 900 million who use Messenger. That allows developers to create chatbots that can personalize tasks, such as making an airline booking or a restaurant reservation.

"From the enterprise or developer perspective, access to those 1.6 billion people is very exciting," said Lauren Kunze, principal at Pandorabots, which has been building and deploying chatbots for companies since 2002.

"People like a personalized experience and when the chatbot can remember personal details and follow up," she said.

CNN's bot, for example, can learn users' news preferences and recommend articles and summaries accordingly. For a shopping site, users could input price ranges and other preferences before receiving suggestions from the bot.

Tech companies will have to approach chatbots more carefully, however, after an experimental Microsoft Corp bot, called Tay, unleashed a barrage of racist and sexist tweets after being manipulated by Twitter users last month. The company quickly pulled Tay from the Internet.

The original films of Netflix increased with 185% of AAGR The quantities of movies and tv shows decreased by 32% for online movie-rental service site Netflix in the past two years. However, its original films increased rapidly. 

Since 2012, Netflix's original films and tv shows received an annual average growth rate at 185.41%, up to 111 films and shows. 

It seems that its original films and show keep increasing. Netflix editor supervisor Ted Sarandos announced in January that the company will produce about 600 hours' original content, including 31 original tv shows. This productivity is twice as 2015 made. 

Its senior officers claimed that the original content is the better investment projects for the company. 

CFO David Wells suggested that there are more potential opportunities for original content though it is a bit conservative in comparison with the imported programs. CEO Reed Hastings concluded the original content more simplified " better".

It is good news to explore the original content to Netflix. It felt pressure from the traditional tv giants concerning the programs authorization. The traditional giants started considering Netflix as a threat to them. 

Its original films and tv shows help Netflix to explore the international market easier as Netflix does not need to deal with the authorized issues. 

Its global development is beyond the expectation of Wall Street though its users growth did not meet Wall Street's expectation last quarter. 

The consumers concern more about the content's manufacturing quality as there are more original films and tv shows made by Netflix. Netflix collected data from its users to improve the manufacturing quality of original films and tv shows. 

The concerned problem of Netflix is whether its original content would attract more new subscribers and retain its existing ones. In fact, Netflix considers developing original content could be the best strategy for it judged by its promotions. 

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